Isibani soqalo, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwayo kwe-bamboo, impahla ekhethekile eyenziwe, ukuze ibe nezinzuzo ezihlukahlukene ze-bamboo, eziqinile, ezilula, eziguquguqukayo.Akuyona nje izibani ze-chandelier, kodwa futhi ubuciko obuhle.Ukukhethwa kwe-bamboo njengento eluhlaza yokwenza izibani nezibani kuhambisana kakhulu nemvelo.Umklamo weisibani se-bambooihlanganisa ubuciko bezandla baseShayina, besimanjemanje kanye nendabuko, izingqimba eziguquguqukayo, ezihluke kakhulu, umphumela wobuciko kakhulu, futhi iletha abantu izimanga ezingalindelekile.
Umsuka Wethu Wokweluka Uqalo
Ngokwemininingwane yemivubukulo, ngemva kokuba abantu sebeqalile ukuzinza, babehlanganyela ekulimaleni okulula nasekukhiqizeni imfuyo, futhi lapho kunensada encane yelayisi nommbila nokudla kokuzingela, babegcina ukudla namanzi okuphuza ukuze bawasebenzise ngezikhathi ezithile.Ngalesi sikhathi, basebenzisa izimbazo zamatshe ezihlukahlukene, imimese yamatshe namanye amathuluzi ukuze banqume amagatsha ezitshalo futhi bawaluke abe obhasikidi, obhasikidi nezinye izitsha.Empeleni, kwatholakala ukuthi uqalo lomile, lucwebile, luyaqhekeka, lunwebeka futhi luqinile, futhi lwalulukwa kalula, luqinile futhi luhlala isikhathi eside.Ngakho, i-bamboo yaba into eyinhloko yokulungiswa kwezitsha ngaleso sikhathi.
Izitsha zobumba zaseShayina nazo zaqala ngenkathi ye-Neolithic, futhi ukwakheka kwayo kwakuhlobene eduze nokulungiswa kwe-bamboo.Okhokho bathola ukuthi lezi zitsha ezimbozwe ngobumba azikwazi ukungena kalula emanzini futhi zingabamba uketshezi ngemva kokushiswa ngomlilo.Ngakho ubhasikidi owenziwe ngoqalo ne-rattan wasetshenziswa njengesibonelo, kwase kuthi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kubhasikidi kwakugcotshwa ngobumba ukwenza uqalo ne-rattan taupe ekhathele.Kwabhakwa emlilweni ukwenza izitsha.Kamuva, lapho abantu benza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemibungu eyakhiwe ngokuqondile ngobumba, bayeka ukusebenzisa i-bamboo weave.Nokho, babesawathanda kakhulu amaphethini wejometri wei-bamboo ne-rattan, futhi babehlobisa ingaphezulu le-pellet yobumba ngamaphethini alingisa obhasikidi, obhasikidi, oomata, nezinye izindwangu ezilukiweyo ngokuzimbambatha endaweni eyomile.
Emizukulwaneni ye-Yin ne-Shang e-China, i-bamboo kanyeama-rattan wokwaluka izibaniamaphethini aba maningi.Kuphethini yokunyathelisa yobumba ivele kuphethini ye-chevron, iphethini yerayisi, iphethini yangemuva, iphethini yamagagasi namanye amaphethini.NgeNtwasahlobo neNkwindla kanye Nezinkathi Zamazwe Alwayo, ukusetshenziswa koqalo kwanwetshwa, futhi ukuluka koqalo kancane kancane kwathuthuka njengomsebenzi wezandla, futhi iphunga lokuhlobisa lamaphethini okweluka uqalo laqina futhi laqina, futhi ukuluka kwaqina nakakhulu.
Isikhathi se-Warring States siphinde sakhiqiza umuntu ozinikele ekutadisheni amasu okuluka ngoqalo, unguTaishan.
Amasu okuluka ama-Chu ngesikhathi samazwe alwayo nawo athuthukiswe kahle kakhulu, ambiwa yilawa: umata we-bamboo, ikhethini le-bamboo, i-bamboo soo (okungukuthi ibhokisi loqalo), i-bamboo fan, ubhasikidi woqalo, ubhasikidi woqalo, ubhasikidi woqalo njalo njalo cishe izingcezu eziyikhulu. .
Ngesikhathi sobukhosi bakwa-Qin no-Han, ukweluka ngoqalo kwakulandela amasu okuluka esifunda saseChu.Ngo-1980, abavubukuli bethu bathola e-Xi'an "inqola yethusi ye-Qin Ling" enephethini ye-chevron ephonswe phansi, ngokokuhlaziya kochwepheshe, leli phethini le-chevron lisekelwe kumata oqalo olulukiwe lwe-chevron.
Ngaphezu kwalokho,ukwelukwa ngoqalofuthi yenziwa amathoyizi ezingane yizingcweti ezinekhono.Umkhosi wezibani ubulokhu uzungeza phakathi kwabantu kusukela eNkathini YaseTang futhi waduma kakhulu eNgomeni Yobukhosi.Ezinye izicukuthwane zingaqasha abakhi bezibani ukuze bakhe izibani ezinhle.Enye yazo ukusebenzisa ama-bamboo gabions ukubopha amathambo nokunamathisela usilika noma iphepha elinombala endaweni ezungezile.Ezinye zazo zazihlotshiswe nangosilika owenziwe ngoqalo.
Amalambu e-Dragon aqala ngo-202 BC futhi aduma kakhulu ngo-960. Ikhanda nomzimba kadrako ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngama-bamboo gabions, futhi izikali kudrako zivame ukuboshwa ngosilika woqalo.
Kukhona futhi i-opera encane yesintu ebizwa ngokuthi "i-bamboo horse play".Idluliselwe phansi kusukela ngezikhathi zobukhosi bakwaSui noTang.Ukusebenza komdlalo kuhlobene nehhashi, njengokuthi "uZhaogun uphume enqabeni" nokunye, abadlali bagibela ihhashi elenziwe ngoqalo.
I-Ming Dynasty yasekuqaleni, indawo yase-Jiangnan ehileleke kubaculi bokweluka uqalo iyaqhubeka nokwanda, izulazula emigwaqweni nemizila yendlu ngendlu.Omata be-bamboo, obhasikidi boqalo, amabhokisi oqalo kuwubuciko bokuluka ngoqalo.Ikakhulukazi ukweluka ngoqalo yikhona okudume kakhulu.I-water bamboo mat ye-Yiyang yasungulwa ngasekupheleni kwe-Yuan kanye nezikhathi zakuqala ze-Ming.
Maphakathi ne-Ming Dynasty, ukusetshenziswa kwe-bamboo ukwaluka kwaqhubeka kwanwetshwa, ukweluka kwaqhubeka nokuba yinkimbinkimbi, kodwa futhi kanye ne-lacquer nezinye izinqubo ezihlangene ukuze kwakhiwe inani lempahla yoqalo esezingeni eliphezulu.Okufana namabhokisi okudweba okugcina imidwebo ne-calligraphy, amabhokisi amancane ayindilinga okugcina ubucwebe, namabhokisi ayindilinga amakhulu okubeka ukudla.
"Ibhokisi eliyindilinga elelukiwe elinsundu ngoqalo" laliwuhlobo lwebhokisi eliyindilinga elelukiwe ngoqalo elalisetshenziswa uhulumeni nabathenwa oBukhosini baseMing.
Ngesikhathi sobukhosi be-Ming ne-Qing, ikakhulukazi ngemva kwesikhathi sika-Qianlong, inqubo yokuluka ngoqalo yathuthukiswa ngokugcwele.Obhasikidi boqalo bavele e-Jiangsu naseZhejiang.
Kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 kuya kowe-1930, ubuciko bokweluka ngoqalo bachuma kulo lonke elaseningizimu yeShayina.Amasu okuluka ngoqalo namaphethini okuluka apheleliswa futhi ahlanganiswa kakade ngezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-150 zezindlela zokuluka.
Ngemva kuka-1937, ngaphansi kwesithende sensimbi sebutho laseJapane elihlaselayo, abadwebi bokweluka uqalo baye babeka izandla zabo ukuze bahlanganyele kwamanye amabhizinisi, abaculi abambalwa kuphela ethempelini elidala ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi wokweluka uqalo.
Ngemva kokunqoba kwempi, ubuciko bokweluka ngoqalo bavuselelwa kancane kancane, futhi ngemva kweminyaka yawo-1950, ubuciko bokweluka ngoqalo baqala ukuqashelwa ngokusemthethweni njengengxenye yemboni yezobuciko nemisebenzi yezandla, bengena ehholo lobuciko.Abaculi abanekhono eliphezulu bokuluka uqalo nabo baqhamuke ngobuningi babo, abanye babo babuye bahlolwa ngezikhundla zobuchwepheshe "zobuciko" kanye "nengcweti ephezulu".Bahlonishwe ngesihloko esithi "Chinese Arts and Crafts Master" kanye "nesi-Chinese Bamboo Craft Master".
Ngemva kokungena ekhulwini lama-21, ukuluka uqalo kancane kancane kwalahlekelwa ukuncintisana kwemakethe, futhi amakhono ako okuluka aba "ifa lamasiko elingabonakali".Nokho, kunabaculi abaningi abaluka uqalo abasaphishekela ubuciko obusha ngokungakhathali, futhi imisebenzi emisha ivela kancane kancane.
Umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwezibani zoqalo
Izibani ze-bamboo zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-bamboo ama-translucent,izibani zoqalo zobuciko, njll., futhi unomlando omude.Ngenhla ekuseni kakhulu, isibani se-bamboo siyisibani nje esilula, abantu basebenzisa izici ze-bamboo ukuzeyenza i-lampshade elulaukuze abantu basebenzise.Eminyakeni yamuva, ngenxa yokuklanywa kwezibani ze-bamboo, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto zakudala zesitayela saseShayina, ukuze kwaqala ukunakekelwa nokuthandwa iningi labathengi.Ngenxa yezici zayo eziyingqayizivele zobuciko, yaqala ukwaziwa nokujwayelana nabantu, ikakhulukazi uchungechunge lwesibani lwesibani saseShayina, okuyimikhiqizo yesibani se-bamboo abantu abakhetha kaningi.
Inqubo yokwaluka ngoqalo ingahlukaniswa izigaba ezintathu: ukuqala, ukuluka nokukhiya.Enqubweni yokweluka, indlela yokweluka i-warp ne-weft iyona eyinhloko.Ngokwesisekelo se-warp ne-weft weaving, kungabuye kuhlanganiswe namasu ahlukahlukene, afana nalokhu: ukuluka okuncane, ukufaka, ukungena, ukusika, ukukhiya, izinzipho, uthayi, isethi, njll, ukuze amaphethini alukiweyo ahluke.Imikhiqizo edinga ukufaniswa neminye imibala yenziwe ngezingcezu ezidayiwe ze-bamboo noma imicu ye-bamboo ehlanganiswe nomunye ukuze yakhe amaphethini ahlukene ahlukene, akhanyayo futhi anemibala.
Imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngoqalo isebenzisa kuphela ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-bamboo, i-fiber iminyene kakhulu, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwelashwa okukhethekile, kungamelana nokoma, hhayi ukukhubazeka, hhayi izinambuzane, amanzi angahlanzwa.
I-bamboo weave yendabuko inomlando omude.Ukwaluka koqalo lwendabuko kunomlando omude, okucebile ekukhanyeni kwekristalu kokusebenza kanzima kwabantu abasebenzayo, imisebenzi yezandla yokweluka uqalo ihlukaniswe yaba imisebenzi yezandla emihle kasilika kanye nemisebenzi yezandla ye-bamboo yesilika.Izitayela ezahlukene zeI-bamboo weaving isibani siyasebenzakukhonjiswa kubhlokhi yamakhono yendabuko.
Inani lamasiko lamalambu e-bamboo
1.Ngaphansi kokubukeka okukhangayo kukhona incazelo ejulile yamasiko yokuluka ngoqalo: ubunye bezulu nomuntu emcabangweni wendalo.
2. bambooisibani eselukiweyoubuciko kusukela ekukhethweni kwezinto zokwakha kuya ekulungiseleleni inqubo, inqubo ngayinye kufanele ibe nenembile ngokuqinile, isikhathi sokuqoqwa kwe-bamboo sithambekele ngokungafanele ezinambuzaneni noma ngoqalo olukhuntile, ukukhethwa kweminyaka yobudala be-bamboo kunquma ukuguquguquka kwe-bamboo, ngaleyo ndlela kunquma ubunzima bokulungiselelaI-XINSANXING isibani esilukiwe ngoqalokanye nezinga lobuhle.
3.uqaloumthunzi wezibani owelukiweyoukukhethwa kwempahla yesizini, isifunda, inqubo yokukhiqiza eyenziwe ngoqalo lwendabuko, izinga lokukhiqiza ekugcineni linquma uqaloumthunzi wezibani owelukiweyokungakhathaliseki ukuthi impahla yinhle futhi ihlakaniphile.Nakuba i-bamboo weave yendabuko ingabhekwa njengesimangaliso, kodwa ikhombisa kakhudlwana umqondo wendabuko wamaShayina wendalo "ubunye bomuntu nemvelo" ogcizelelwa umqondo wokuvumelana nezincazelo zamasiko zomuntu nemvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-25-2021